Frequently Asked Solar Power Questions

What is net metering?

Several US states have laws in place that require utility companies to track both the production and consumption of power at a customer’s home. When you install a solar power system on your rooftop or property, you will have a bidirectional meter installed to track the energy your system produces during the day, as well as any consumption of power from the grid that is used at night or when it’s cloudy. If your system overproduces, the excess power is sent back into the grid and builds credits on your utility account to use when your system isn’t producing as much. This process is called net metering.

What happens to my utility bill?

Once you go solar, you will have two bills: Your new, dramatically reduced solar energy bill, and a smaller utility bill for any energy leftover that you need to use from the grid. Depending on the size of your system, your utility bill could be offset by up to 99% ─ but most utility companies charge a minimal fee that you are still responsible for paying.

How do solar panels withstand inclement weather conditions?

Most high-quality solar panels are built to withstand snow piles and up to one inch of hail. You can confirm this with your solar representatives during the enrollment process to ensure you are receiving the best products the industry has to offer. With energy storage as a service, you’ll be able to control your home’s energy efficiency to further reduce your monthly electricity expenses.

What happens at night or on cloudy days?

Solar panels produce energy when the sun is shining. At night or when it’s cloudy, the system will use credits from excess power that was overproduced from the system during the day. This is the primary reason that on-grid solar solutions rely on the utility grid and net metering laws to provide supplemental power when the system isn’t producing.

What happens if the power goes out?

For the safety of grid workers, your system is required to turn itself off if you lose utility power. Once the power is restored, the system will automatically turn itself back on. An off-grid power system or one with battery backup would continue to run during the day if you lost power.

When is my solar power system producing power and how reliable is it?

Solar power systems produce power when they are exposed to sunlight. Depending on how the system is engineered, it will start operating at sunrise and shut down at sunset. The intensity of the solar rays determines how much power is produced by the solar power system.

Solar power is an extremely reliable source of energy. The technology has been around for several decades, and there are installed systems that have been producing viable energy for over 25+ years.

What size solar power system do I need?

The size of your solar power system is determined by your current electricity consumption and monthly budget. Additionally, the amount of roof space or ground space you have available for installation will also gauge the percentage of solar capacity your home’s energy use can fulfill.

Can I still go solar if I have trees shading parts of my roof?

Even if there is some shading on your roof, you still have options as long as your roof receives sunlight. We can install a system on the area of your roof that is not shaded, and you may also be able to trim the trees shading your roof to make more room. A system installed with micro inverters can also help reduce the effects of shading.

Will my roof leak if I install solar panels on it?

Our quality of products, types of flashing, and racking methods help prevent your roof from leaking as a result of solar system installation. Suntuity Solar also assesses the age and condition of your roof prior to scheduling an installation – so if you are in need of roof replacements or repairs, we will work with you on the logistics to ensure it is ready for solar panels. In the rare instance that your roof does leak due to our installation of the system, we have a workmanship warranty in place that is disclosed in your solar agreement.

Do I need a new roof before I get a solar power system?

If your roof is over 10 years old, it’s wise to replace or repair it while preparing your home for a solar installation. This due diligence ensures that the roof will last as long as the solar system that is installed.

Suntuity Solar can assess the age and condition of your roof prior to installation and may be able to assist with some of the work.

What are the advantages of installing a solar power system on the ground?

Ground-based solar power systems have several advantages over rooftop systems, including higher outputs, better tilt and orientation, and easier maintenance. The installation itself is a bit more invasive of your property, and not every homeowner has enough yard space ─ which is why the majority of solar customers choose to install panels on their rooftop.

I belong to a homeowners’ association. Can I still install a solar power system?

Most homeowners’ associations allow the installation of solar power systems, provided that certain requirements are met. Your solar representative should review these requirements carefully before installing a solar power system on your roof or property.

I own a townhome. Can I install a solar power system?

Most likely, yes. Most townhomes qualify for solar power system installation.

What kinds of performance guarantees are offered as part of the lease?

As part of our lease, we offer a system performance guarantee throughout the entire length of your solar agreement. If the system does not perform as promised, we will compensate you for any electricity losses.

What happens to the solar power system after my solar lease agreement ends?

As part of our lease agreement, you retain the right to extend it or purchase the system. We can also remove the system when the lease term is complete, if preferred.

What happens if I decide to sell my house during the lease term?

Our leases, as well as our buyout option and production guarantees, are fully transferable to the new property owner. Solar can increase your home’s resale value by up to $15,000, and the new owner will be inheriting monthly electricity savings.

How does solar leasing work, and what benefits do I get from leasing my system?

Solar leasing offers a lower monthly electricity bill for $0 down. The rates are locked in and will never fluctuate, so you know what you’ll be paying today, tomorrow, and for the entire length of your solar agreement. Once the lease expires, you’ll have the option of purchasing the system, extending the lease, or removing it. You can also choose a prepayment option upfront which will reduce your monthly lease payments even more.

Do you offer financing options for solar power systems?

Yes! In addition to the traditional $0 down solar leasing option, we also offer power purchase agreements (PPAs) for zero upfront costs. PPAs allow you to pay for the power your system produces every month, while leasing is a flat monthly rate that does not fluctuate.

If you’d like to own your solar system, we offer $0 down loan payment options which will allow you to take advantage of the 26% federal tax credit.

What kind of environmental benefits can I expect from an average solar power system?

An average home consumes approximately 10,000 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year. Installing a solar power system that offsets the same amount of usage will reduce 15,000 pounds of CO2 each year. This is the equivalent of the carbon eliminated by 1.5 acres of forests.

Solar power is a renewable form of energy that eliminates the need for the burning of fossil fuels, which are directly responsible for global and environmental damage. There are no emissions during the production of solar power, and it is one of the cleanest forms of renewable energy worldwide. In addition, solar power systems are relatively maintenance-free, which further reduces the carbon footprint.

Traditional electric sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas result in the emission of harmful greenhouse gasses, some of which are toxic and extremely detrimental to the environment. Fossil fuels are, and continue to be, one of the largest causes of global warming. Depleting fossil fuel sources also cause dramatic spikes in the cost of energy, which can be mitigated by the implementation of clean solar energy.

For more information, please visit the United States Environmental Protection Agency site.

When is it a good time to get a solar power system?

The best time to get a solar power system is, simply put, as soon as possible. With federal, state and local solar incentives at some of the highest rates they have ever been, the financial benefits of implementing a solar power system is a no-brainer. The federal ITC is set to expire at the end of 2021, so it makes sense for homeowners to make the switch now and get the most out of the financial benefit.

Do my property taxes or property insurance rates change if I install a solar power system?

The increase in property value is due to a renewable energy solution, so your property taxes cannot increase ─ but your insurance will increase marginally to cover any losses that may occur due to your newly installed system. The increase is usually around $75-$100 per year for a typical residential system.

What kind of approvals do I need to use solar power?

Approvals required for the installation of a solar power system vary from state to state. In general, almost all territories require approvals from the state, utility and local municipality. The approvals are usually required both before and after the installation of the system.

What kind of maintenance is needed?

Solar power systems, if installed correctly, require minimal maintenance. There are no moving parts. Most high-quality panels and inverters have warranties of up to 25+ years.

What if I already have a system installed by another solar installer?

Suntuity Solar offers energy storage even if you already have a system installed. With storage as a service, you can increase your power savings while enjoying reliable, uninterrupted power despite any weather conditions.

Give us a shout at 855.SUNTUITY to explore your options in further detail.

How is Suntuity Solar different from other installers?

Every Suntuity Solar system is customized and engineered for the needs of each homeowner. Our mission is to deliver the best quality products and services that maximize both solar output and electricity savings. Qualified homeowners typically save up to 30% or more every month with Suntuity Solar.

What is “EV”?

“EV” is an acronym for Electric Vehicles. These vehicles can either run on 100% electric power or function as hybrids that use a combination of gasoline and electricity. With EV adoption on the rise across the US, many states have started offering incentives for EV purchases.

Suntuity offers affordable installation for charging stations in your garage or driveway. Visit https://suntuityhome.com/products/ev-charging-stations/ to get a free estimate.

How does energy storage work?

Battery storage keeps your lights on when the power goes out, allowing your home to operate autonomously from the grid. It stores the energy your solar system overproduces so that you can have continuous, uninterrupted power when you need it.

Suntuity Solar offers battery storage with $0 down solar enrollment as part of our Solar Storage Program. We also offer battery storage for homeowners that already have solar installed and homeowners that do not qualify for solar. Explore your options here: https://suntuitysolar.com/battery-storage

How does solar actually work?

There are five main steps to how solar power works after your system is activated:

1) Sunlight hits the solar panels on your rooftop and creates DC (Direct Current) electricity.

2) Solar energy inverters convert DC power into useable AC (Alternating Current) electricity.

3) The electrical panel distributes clean power throughout your home that reduces harmful carbon emissions.

4) Any excess power produced is sent back to the electrical grid to build credits on your home’s utility account in a process called net metering.

5) Your utility company will power your home with the stored credits at night or during inclement weather ─ so there is never a gap in your energy usage.

Visit https://www.suntuitysolar.com/learn-about-solar/ for more in-depth information about solar.

Where Can I Put My Solar Panels?

It’s a long-believed myth that the only place solar panels can be installed is on a south-facing roof that sits under 365 days of sunshine. In reality, a solar panel system can be installed almost anywhere on your roof. If your rooftop isn’t a good candidate, the system can be installed on the ground.

There are a number of factors that solar panel installation companies take into consideration when making this decision. Let’s take a closer look at the two places you can put your home solar panels – the roof or the ground – and the benefits of each.

On Your Roof

The most common place to install PV solar panels is on the rooftop. The panels receive the most sunlight this way and won’t interfere with your home’s curb appeal. Where the panels are installed depends on a few factors:

Direction. South-facing roofs are ideal for solar because they receive the most sunlight. However, a west-facing or east-facing roof can still produce a lot of energy.
Pitch angle. Any roof with a pitch of 15 to 40 degrees is suitable for solar panel installation. Even flat roofs can handle solar systems, providing that the panels are mounted at an appropriate angle.
Size and shape. A large square roof is ideal for a PV solar system. Additionally, most solar panel systems require around 500 square feet of space. Again, there is some flexibility here. Do keep in mind that skylights, chimneys, and domes take away some space.
Shade. The panels need as much sun as possible, so some obstructions can be a problem. Before installing the solar system, we may ask that you trim trees so that the most sunlight gets through to your roof.

On the Ground

If your roof is not an ideal candidate for a solar system (due to obstructions, older roof, or no sun), you may be able to have it installed on the ground. Ground-mounted solar systems are mounted on the flat ground and can be positioned south or west. This is a huge advantage because they can be manipulated to generate the most energy.

The drawback to installing solar panels on the ground is that they take up a lot of space and can detract from the appearance of your home. If you want ground-mounted solar panels to work for your home, you’ll need a large, open space.

How Is Solar Energy Stored?

Curious to know where your energy goes once it has been generated by your solar panels? This is a good question, because on cloudy days and nights, the energy your system produces is little to none. Therefore, your solar system must be able to tap into stored energy to continue providing power to your home.

Homeowners with solar panel systems have two main options for solar electricity storage: the electric grid and battery packs. Let’s learn more about these energy storage technologies and the benefits of both.

Electric Grid

Before the 1990s, all solar systems were independent of the grid, hence the term “living off the grid.” If homes wanted to keep their lights on after dark, they would draw energy from their battery banks. In the 21st century, the majority of PV systems no longer use batteries. Instead, they are tied to the electric grid, a complex system that balances supply and demand.

When your solar system produces excess energy, it’s sent to the grid. When your home isn’t producing energy (i.e., at night), you can pull from the grid. For energy sent to the grid that isn’t used, you can get a credit on your electric bill, which is a process known as net metering.

Grid-tied solar electric systems have benefits for both individuals and society. Solar customers get to send excess energy to the grid without having to worry about storage. Society benefits because solar energy is cleaner, and excess energy can drive down electric prices because more energy is being produced than consumed.

Batteries

Batteries remain another efficient option for storing excess energy. There are many batteries on the market, but they all have the same concept: to store electrical energy in chemical form until it is ready to be used. Batteries have a number of advantages, including that they can be installed along with your solar panel system and able to tolerate frequent wear and tear.

When you install a solar battery as part of your system, you can store excess energy at your home instead of on the grid. At night or on cloudy days, you can draw energy from the battery. When your battery is fully charged and you’re producing energy, it is sent to the grid.

Should You Install a Solar Battery?

If you’re interested in installing a PV system on your home, talk to a solar energy provider about the best option. As long as your utility company compensates you for your solar power, you don’t need to install a battery. Most utilities offer net metering, which means you’ll see a credit on your electric bill for excess energy produced. That said, there are certain situations where you can benefit from having a battery installed, such as if your utility company has demand charges or does not offer net metering.

To learn more about your options for residential solar energy, contact Suntuity Solar today.

What is “Vampire Power”?

Don’t let your electricity bills trick you this Halloween. Standby power, also known as “vampire power”, “vampire draw”, “phantom load” or “ghost load”, refers to energy that is consumed by appliances and other equipment when turned off.

It’s often used to describe common everyday devices that use a small amount of power even when they’re not active.

For example: A coffee maker that isn’t brewing, a TV and/or cable box that is plugged in even while turned off, or a computer that’s not being used.

You may not think much of it, but these devices can actually reflect up to 20% of your monthly electricity usage on your monthly bill.

By replacing some of your household items with more energy efficient products (like LED light bulbs) and unplugging your appliances when you’re not using them can make a huge difference not only in your energy costs, but in reducing wasteful energy that is contributing to pollution. Cut down on “vampire power” even more by installing solar panels on your roof or property — you’ll be generating cleaner, cheaper and more efficient energy overall and will start seeing significantly reduced monthly bills.

How Long Should My Solar Panels Last?

A solar panel system is an investment, so one of the first questions that people ask is how long they can expect their panels to last. This is a good question that has a fairly straightforward answer: typically 25-30 years. However, there is more to this answer than what meets the eye. It’s likely that your solar panels will last much longer than this.

Let’s cover this topic in more detail so that you can have a better understanding of your solar system’s lifespan.

Most Warranties are Good for 25 Years

Solar panels are generally warrantied for 25 years, so you can expect your system to last at least this long. In reality, you can expect your panels to last much longer, just as a refrigerator lasts longer than its one year warranty.

With that being said, it is important to know that solar panels do lose their efficiency over time. After 25 years, energy production declines by a “significant” amount according to manufacturers, hence the reason why the warranty ends around this time. How much is a “significant” amount? Let’s find out.

Studies show that solar panels lose around 0.8% efficiency each year. Some brands will have less or more degradation, but the good news is that as technology improves, this rate is getting smaller and smaller. However, to be on the safe side you should assume that your panels lose around 1% efficiency each year. With these numbers, your panels will still be producing energy at 75-85% of their rated output in 25 years.

What Happens after 25 Years?

According to an NREL study, 80% of solar panels live longer than their warranties. So, if your warranty is up and your solar panels are still producing energy, there is no reason to replace them. But, you do want to take extra precautions to care for your solar system since it will no longer be under warranty. Be prepared to replace batteries and inverters to keep things running.

Additionally, plan to get your solar panels checked by your installer each year. This quick inspection ensures that there are no areas of concern, such as exposed wires or loose racking. This is also a good time to check for animals nesting under the panels or branches that need to be pulled away from the roof.

When manufacturers talk about solar panel systems, it’s usually in regard to the 25-year warranty. However, solar panels typically last much longer than this, though with decreased efficiency. Still, this is not a reason to replace your solar panels, as they will still be capable of producing solar energy for your home.

To learn more about residential solar panels and how long you can expect them to last on your property, contact Suntuity Solar today.

What are the Best Residential Solar Panels Available?

Are you ready to transform your life with solar energy? Households feel amazingly freed when they trade in regular electricity for solar electricity. No longer do you have to depend on the electric companies with their high prices that continue to rise. Solar power provides a healthier environment for you and your family and it offers huge rewards in the form of Solar Renewable Energy Certificates (SRECs).

If you’re ready to transition to solar energy, the next step is determining which residential solar panels are best for your home. We’ll break down the most popular solar panels available, but be sure to discuss your options in more detail with your installer.

Crystalline Silicon (c-Si)

Roughly 90 percent of the world’s solar powered systems are made from some form of silicon. The major difference is the purity of the material. The idea is that pure silicon is more effective at converting sunlight into energy. While this is true, it costs money to make silicon pure. Taking away some of the purity is often necessary for making PV systems more affordable.

Let’s look closer at the most popular types of silicon solar panels on the market.

Monocrystalline (mono-Si) Solar Panels

Solar cells made of monocrystalline silicon are space efficient and have an even-appearance. Because they have the highest efficiency rates, you need less of them to produce power for your home. Monocrystalline panels use the highest-grade silicon and have a long lifespan of at least 25 years. If you are leaning towards monocrystalline panels, check with your installer on if they are able to get them. They tend to be more expensive, but most solar installers have made them much more affordable to the average homeowner in recent years, which is why you’ve started noticing them more.

Polycrystalline (poly-Si) Solar Panels

Solar cells made of polycrystalline silicon may not be as efficient as monocrystalline silicon, but they are still highly effective at converting sunlight into energy. They are also more affordable because they use less silicon. Homeowners typically like the look of these panels because they have a gentle blue hue. With this type of solar panel you will need more of them, so expect a larger portion of your roof to be covered.

Amorphous Silicon (a-Si) Solar Panels

Traditionally, amorphous silicon has been used in small applications, such as pocket watches because it has a low output. However, the latest innovations allow amorphous silicon to be used in large applications, such as solar systems. To achieve this, several layers of amorphous silicon cells are stacked on top of each other to create better efficiency. However, stacking is expensive and these panels generally have shorter warranties and lifespans.

Thin-Film Solar Cells (TFSC)

Thin-film solar cells are less expensive, easy to produce, and flexible. They are made by placing one or more films of photovoltaic material (silicon) onto a substrate. The main issue with these solar cells is that they take up a lot of space, therefore, they aren’t ideal for residential applications but are great for commercial buildings. They also have shorter lifespans compared to other types.

New Technologies on the Horizon

The good news is that there are a variety of new technologies that are in the research and development phase. In the near future, you may have more options available to power your home through solar energy. For now, monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels are most popular and offer a good balance of efficiency, durability, and affordability.

To discuss your options for residential solar panels, contact Suntuity Solar today.

What Can Solar Energy Power Do?

A number of devices can be powered using solar energy, either directly or through solar cells. These range from commonly used home appliances to commercial machines. Through solar energy powered devices, you can reap the benefits of electricity while still taking care of the environment.

Outside of providing solar electricity to the home, here are some of the most innovative solar energy run items and appliances:

Solar Refrigerator

These are refrigerators that are designed to run on the energy dissipated directly from the sun. Some have inbuilt photovoltaic cells, while others have solar thermal energy units.

Such appliances run as efficiently as electricity-powered ones to preserve perishable food items. The main applications for solar refrigerators are in locations where normal AC power is not available.

Solar Notebook

Also known as solar laptop, it is a device that has a solar panel attached to it. The energy absorbed by the solar panel is used to recharge the laptop’s battery.

Some models of solar notebooks have a removable solar panel flap present on their body. Others may have external solar units connected to them along with a keyboard-shaped panel.

Solar Watch

Solar watches are powered completely or partially by a solar cell. They consist of a solar panel behind the crystal, which helps to absorb artificial light and sunlight. The dial of the watch is built on top of the panel, which converts the received light into electrical energy.

Apart from devices, solar energy can be converted to electricity to power many things in the home, from lights to fridges to washing machines. Installing a solar panel on the roof can significantly lower electricity bills and help reduce the carbon footprint of the household.

What is Solar Energy?

Source of Solar Energy

Solar energy comes from within the sun itself. Like any other star in the universe, our sun also acts like a giant nuclear reactor. It is a big ball of gas that consists mainly of hydrogen and helium. The energy of the sun originates from its core by a process known as nuclear fusion. During fusion, the extremely high temperature and pressure conditions cause the hydrogen atoms to split, and their nuclei (core of the atoms) combine and form one helium atom. Subsequently, a lot of radiant energy is emitted as a byproduct of nuclear fusion. This radiant energy travels a distance of 93 million miles in about eight minutes to the earth’s surface.

Amount of Radiant Energy Absorbed

Not all radiant energy sent to earth gets received on its surface; around 15% is reflected back to space by the earth’s surface. Of the remaining, 30% gets consumed in water evaporation, which is an important phenomenon for maintaining the water cycle. Plants and oceans also absorb some part of this radiant energy. The rest of it can be used to fulfill our growing energy needs.

Solar energy can be used to power a number of devices for commercial and non-commercial use. Two main types of solar energy technologies that make it possible to harness solar energy effectively are photovoltaic (PV) and concentrating solar power (CSP).

What is Solar Energy Technology?

The technologies that help us to harness the true potential of solar power are known as solar energy technologies. They enable commercial industries and households to make use of heat and light from the sun.

There are mainly two types of solar energy technologies, namely Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and Photovoltaic (PV). You may already be aware of PV, which is implemented using solar panels. On the other hand, CSP is used in power plants and is not suitable for personal use.

Comparison Between PV and CSP

Although both PV and CSP are important for harnessing solar power, there are pros and cons of both. Here are some of them:

Flexibility of Installation

While it’s possible to install a PV system in place of an existing CSP system, the reverse is not possible. Photovoltaic cells provide energy for both residential and industrial purposes, but CSP systems are viable only for large scale applications. Therefore, PV helps in the development of decentralized and well- distributed power.

Heat Storage

In large power plants, supplying power during peak hours is a difficult task. To fulfill peak hour demands, CSP can store heat energy during an intermediate step while still generating electricity.

PV systems, on the other hand, convert solar energy to electricity, which can then be stored on the power grid for future use.

Level of Complexity

This is one area where the PV system emerges as a winner. A CSP system is made up of several complex mechanical and chemical parts; this can make its installation a long and arduous task. The installation process of PV systems is simpler and takes much less time, as they consist mainly of solar cells.

What is Solar Energy Used For?

Every day our planet receives energy from the sun that’s around 200,000 times the global daily electricity generation capacity! A number of possibilities for what to do with solar energy exist, as long as we’re ready and willing to take complete advantage of them. The main use of solar energy is for the generation of electricity.

Electricity Generation

The energy present in each particle of sunlight (known as a photon) can be used by photovoltaic cells to generate electricity. When sunlight falls on the surface of these cells, it creates free electrons which form the basis of electric currents. Since each PV cell can generate only around 2 watts of power, a large number of them are connected together to form solar modules. Large arrays of solar modules form a solar panel, which can provide thousands of kilowatts of electricity.

Solar panels are being used by households to heat or cool homes, depending on the weather, and to power lights and appliances. The main driver behind this home use of solar energy is to significantly lower monthly utility bills. Some utilities manage huge plots of solar panels to provide electricity to their customers.

With rising awareness of this renewable and pollution-free source of energy, people are switching to using solar energy to power almost everything. From generating electricity for their homes to using solar-powered gadgets when outside their home, there’s a marked shift towards this cleaner form of energy.

Other Uses of Solar Energy

Apart from electricity generation, solar power is being used as thermal energy. This has been used for something as simple as heating water to desalination in large plants.

What are the Benefits of Solar Energy?

Among the renewable sources of energy, solar energy has risen in popularity for both residential and commercial purposes. This is because significant technological advancements have been made in harnessing solar energy. It is both environmentally friendly and economically viable for households and businesses to use this clean form of energy.

Here are some of the benefits of switching to solar energy for meeting your energy needs.

Save Money on Utility Bills

Many households have turned to solar-powered electricity simply to counter the rising cost of electricity bills. Apart from this, solar energy also protects you from a rise in utility rates. This means your energy costs are stable and predictable in the long run.

Building Credit with Utility Companies

Some states allow you to build credit with your utility company when your solar-powered system overproduces. The extra energy can be put into the grid, giving you credit for future use of electricity.

Increase in Home’s Resale Value

A home that has solar panels installed is valued much higher than one that doesn’t. For example, research done in 2015 by Berkeley Lab showed that homebuyers were willing to pay a premium of $15,000 for a home with an average-sized, host-owned solar array.

Adopt a Green Lifestyle

With the use of solar energy, you can contribute to keeping the environment clean. Conventional sources of electricity generation releases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. Moreover, solar energy lowers the use of fossil fuels, which is fast depleting and are non-renewable resources.

Tax Credits for Purchased Systems

With the implementation of the federal solar tax credit, solar power system owners became eligible for tax credits. Purchasing your home solar system allows you to take advantage of the Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC). Solar power system owners are eligible for this tax credit which is worth 26% of the total cost of the system through the end of 2022. After 2022, the percentage will decrease each year and then expire completely for residential solar systems purchased after 2023.

What is the Future of Solar Energy?

Before 2008, solar panel installations were very costly, discouraging people from shifting to using a clean form of electricity generation. However, this has become a thing of the past. Between 2008 and 2013, the installation cost of solar panels declined by more than 50%. With a continued decline in costs and an increasing awareness of the benefits, solar power is expected to meet around 20% of our total energy needs by 2027.

These are a number of new and upcoming innovations that may act as catalysts for an increasing global footprint of solar energy.

Biological Solar Cells

Cyanobacteria has been a subject of experimentation for quite some time now. This is because it is considered to have the ability to charge wireless devices when used in a solar cell. In 2017, scientists at Binghamton University, New York, created a small-sized bio solar cell that could provide higher output than any of its predecessors. Biological solar cells are being seen as a technology that can change the landscape of solar energy.

Spray on Solar Cells

A major breakthrough for the solar energy industry came in 2018, with the development of spray-on solar cells. Perovskite is viewed as a highly promising material for this purpose. It is lightweight and can be mixed in a liquid solution to act as a substitute for silicon.

Floating Solar Panels

This idea was given its true form by China in 2017. Since then, several other nations such as India and Thailand have jumped on the bandwagon. This technology places solar panels in water to keep the surface cool. Additionally, it will remove the need for disturbing agricultural or terrestrial landscapes for establishing solar farms.

How Do Solar Panels Work?

Solar panels are currently being used on rooftops, in PV power stations, solar planes, solar vehicles, and by many devices. These panels use a phenomenon known as the photoelectric effect to generate electricity from solar energy.

Architecture of a Solar Panel

A photovoltaic cell makes use of sunlight and converts it into electrical energy. A single PV device (commonly known as a cell) is very small in size and can produce around 1 to 2 watts of power. To increase the output, many such cells are connected together in a chain structure to form a module or a solar panel. These modules can either be used separately or connected with other modules to form arrays. Many such arrays are attached to the grid to form a photovoltaic system. These systems can be used for a variety of energy needs, both large and small.

Working Mechanism of Solar Panels

Silicon, a semiconductor material, is used for making the solar cells that form a solar panel. In order to function, solar cells need to create an electric field. This is made possible by the help of other materials mixed in the silicon slices used for building the solar cell. This “doping material” gives opposite charges to each slice. When sunlight falls on the solar panel, the silicon atoms of the solar cells get energized by the photons. The loose electrons from the silicon atoms get knocked out and these are collected through plates on either side to constitute an electric current.

What are Solar Panels made Of?

Solar panels have given a new ray of hope to the field of alternative energy. The ability to transform radiant energy to electrical energy has greatly contributed towards a green environment.

Solar panels are made by combining several solar cells in a chain. To understand what solar panels are made of, we must first explore the characteristics of their basic units.

Materials Used to Build a Solar Cell

Solar cells, or photovoltaic cells, consist of silicon as the main component. Silicon is the most suitable element as its crystalline structure; however, when mixed with small traces of other elements, it becomes ideal for transferring an electrical current.

Types of Solar Panels

On the basis of their design, solar panels can be classified into three main types:

Monocrystalline Solar Panels

These solar panels are blue or black in color and are created from a single, large silicon block. The block is divided into a number of separate silicon layers which are fixed on the solar panel.

Monocrystalline solar panels are more efficient than polycrystalline ones, but are more difficult to set up and expensive to manufacture.

Polycrystalline Solar Panels

Polycrystalline panels are also made of silicon, but the method deployed is different. Several blocks of silicon are first melted and then fused again to form the panel. As a result of this recombination, the crystal structure forms cracks at many areas, giving it a unique and grainy texture.

These panels are cheaper to manufacture but lag monocrystalline cells in terms of efficiency.

Thin Film Panels

As the name suggests, thin film solar panels provide higher flexibility than crystalline panels. There are three main types of thin film solar panels:

Amorphous silicon
Cadmium telluride
Copper indium gallium selenide

What is the Process of Harnessing Solar Energy?

The sun is a storehouse of clean energy, and the earth receives a huge amount of it every day. Technology can now harness solar energy, tapping into the most inexhaustible supply of power that we know today. Following years of research and innovation, solar panels have evolved into a convenient and economically viable way of harnessing energy from the sun.

How Solar Panels Harness the Sun’s Energy

A solar panel is comprised of a number of solar modules, which in turn are made of several solar cells. A solar cell has the ability to catch sunlight and convert it into electricity. Sunlight essentially contains zillions of photons that have energy. A solar cell converts these photons into a flow of electrons to create an electric current.

These solar cells are quite small and each of them can generate very little electricity. So, a number of them are put together to form a larger unit known as a solar module. A solar panel consists of many modules.

Since a solar panel generates electricity from sunlight, the process is referred to as photovoltaics, as “photo” means light in Greek and “voltaic” refers to electricity pioneer Alessandro Volta, after whom the word “volt” became a measure of an electric unit.

Other Ways of Harnessing Solar Energy

Solar panels have become popular for generating solar energy for residential and commercials purposes. Other technologies for harnessing solar energy include the following:

Solar Thermal Collectors: A black material is used to cover the surface that receives direct sunlight. A series of tubes run through the body of the collector. These absorb radiation and use it to heat water in the tubes.

SHC Technology: SHC stands for solar heating and cooling and is used for maintaining comfortable temperature conditions in larger commercial buildings. Solar air heating units are mounted on the walls, but with a gap for air to pass through. The heated air is supplied through ducts to the building’s HVAC system.

What Type of Energy is Produced by a Solar Cell?

A clean, alternative source of energy is becoming more urgent. The growing use of solar energy has been propelled by the declining cost of installing solar panels and easy maintenance.

Solar panels are made of a multitude of solar cells, which have the ability to convert radiant energy from the sun to electrical energy. The conversion of solar energy to electrical energy is known as the photovoltaic effect.

How Does Photovoltaic Effect Work?

Silicon is the preferred material for the construction of solar cells. This is a nonmetal element that is highly suitable for the conduction of heat and electricity. Silicon is mixed (or doped) with other materials during the design of a solar panel. This is done to ensure there is a nonuniform concentration of electrons in the silicon block.

The constituent particles of sunlight are known as photons. Each photon carries some amount of energy with it when traveling to the earth’s surface. When the photons present in sunlight come into contact with the solar cells embedded in a solar panel, they transfer their energy to the silicon atoms.

The outer orbit electrons of silicon get energized and separate out from their orbit. These electrons flow through a circuit, with the help of conducting plates attached on either side. This flow of electrons makes up the current.

This process produces DC current (direct current), whereas electrical appliances require AC current (alternating current); an inverter is used to perform this conversion. The inverter converts the DC current to 120-volt AC current that can be used to heat or cool a home as well as power a variety of gadgets and appliances.

What are the Financial and Environmental Benefits of Residential Solar?

Environmental

Solar power is the earth’s most abundant resource of energy. As one of the cheapest forms of electricity across the United States, solar dramatically reduces greenhouse gas emissions and is proven to help slow climate change.

According to SEIA.org, the carbon emissions that have been reduced by solar installations across the nation equates to planting over 1.6 billion trees. By switching to solar, you can reduce your own carbon footprint and help better the environment for generations. It’s literally a breath of fresh air.

Financial

Utility rates are continuously on the rise year over year. Solar not only significantly reduces your electricity costs, but it offers you long term price protection throughout the length of your agreement.

Depending on the state you live in, you’re also eligible for net metering which allows you to build credits with your utility company for every time your system overproduces — that extra energy will be pushed into the grid and you’ll be credited on your account for future use.

Additional benefits*:

Lower monthly electricity bill
Stable and predictable energy costs
Increase in your home’s resale value¹
26% federal tax credit for purchased systems

Federal Solar Incentive: Tax Credit for Purchased Systems

Since the 2006 implementation of the federal solar tax credit, also known as the investment tax credit (ITC), it has proven to be a substantial factor behind solar adoption in the United States.

Solar power system owners are eligible for this tax credit which is worth 26% of the total cost of the system through the end of 2020. After 2020, the percentage will decrease each year and then expire completely for residential solar systems purchased after 2021. After 2021, the ITC will only apply for commercial solar systems at 10% of the total cost of the system.

State Incentives & Rebates

Depending on the state you live in, there may be incentives and rebates available to you when you switch to solar.

Some incentives, like the ITC, are specific to purchased systems (like state tax credits) and others apply to lease and PPA (power purchase agreement) customers. Depending on where you live, you could be eligible for SRECs (solar renewable energy credits), PBIs (performance-based incentives), net metering, and any rebates or incentives that your utility company may have to offer. The utility rebates tend to be first come first serve, so you should be proactive when claiming your solar benefits.

Find out what additional financial perks you can receive by switching to solar in your state.

What is the cost of Solar Energy?

The truth behind saving with solar.

How much does solar really cost?

Pricing varies based on system size, price per watt, the state you live in and the quality and efficiency of the equipment used. The average total cost of a solar system can range between $12,000 to $30,000 (anywhere from 4kW to about 10kW) based on these factors, with a 30% federal tax deduction off the total system cost for purchased systems. The full price tag doesn’t just factor in the price of the solar panels ─ it includes other components like wiring, racking materials, microinverters or string inverters, and a monitoring system to track panel performance.

For the average middle-class homeowner, however, Suntuity Solar offers $0 out-of-pocket options ─ all you’ll have to do is pay a lower electricity bill while we take care of the rest. We also often install higher-than-average system sizes whenever possible in order to maximize solar production and monthly savings for each customer. The average homeowner can reduce their monthly electricity bill by up to 25% or more, depending on the system size, electricity rate, and usage, among other factors.

How much does one panel cost?

Residential solar panels vary in price depending on panel size and price per watt. Small do-it-yourself projects that require only purchasing a few panels will have a higher price per watt (averaging around $1-$1.25), but solar panels are also available to be purchased in bulk at a reduced rate. The average reduced price is roughly 75 per watt, which would make a 300W panel cost about $225, give or take. The most frequently installed residential solar panels range anywhere between 150W and 350W for a standard solar installation. Most solar installation companies offer panels anywhere from 280W-325W, the availability of which is dependent on availability and market demand.

How much can you actually save by installing solar for your home?

Not every home is eligible for solar, which is why it’s considered an exclusive offer. Solar savings is determined by multiple factors including roof space, roof shading, tilt, utility rate, utility usage, and the state you live in. Conservatively, eligible homeowners can save up to 25% on their monthly electricity bill by switching to solar. If your bill averages $150 per month, for example, you could save more than $11,000 over 25 years. Again, this is a conservative estimate ─ many homeowners save upwards of 40-50% each month.

Financing Options

1. As the most widely used $0 down financing option, PPAs allow you to pay solely for the solar power that you produce with no upfront cost and price predictability throughout the length of your solar agreement.
2. Another $0 down option, lease agreements offer a fixed monthly rate for the solar energy your home produces and will never fluctuate. You’ll know what you’re paying today, tomorrow, and for the next 20 years.
3. If you’d like to own your solar system, Suntuity Solar offers $0 down loan payment options which will allow you to take advantage of the 30% federal tax credit.

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